拉丁诗选读 (Readings from Latin Verse; With Notes)

THIS little book has been prepared to meet the needs of my own classes. The selections have been made primarily with reference to their literary merit, but also with the intention of introducing the student to a number of authors not usually read in the earlier portion of the college course.

编者 Bushnell 自陈"为我的班级编此小册; 选材以文学价值为主, 但也想让学生接触到早段大学课程中通常不读的若干诗人"——选集本"plot"实为编者教学计划, plot 65.

I. ENNIUS. II. LUCRETIUS. III. CATULLUS. IV. VERGIL. V. PHAEDRUS. VI. SENECA. VII. LUCAN. VIII. STATIUS.

十二诗人按"古典 - 后古典"时间序排列: Ennius (公元前 239-169) → Lucretius → Catullus → Vergil → Phaedrus → Seneca → Lucan → Statius + 末段 Martial / Juvenal / Hadrian / Anonymous——梯度清晰, cast 78.

Pectora fida tenet desiderium: simul inter sese sic memorant, 'o Romule, Romule die, qualem te patriae custodem di genuerunt! O pater, o genitor, o sanguen dis oriundum, tu produxisti nos intra luminis oras.'

Ennius 的六行 Saturnian 挽歌节奏短促——早期罗马史诗的"挽歌体"节拍, 与 Vergil 的六音步长行节奏形成对比, pace 70.

E tenebris tantis tam clarum extollere lumen qui primus potuisti inlustrans commoda vitae, te sequor, o Graiae gentis decus, inque tuis nunc ficta pedum pono pressis vestigia signis, non ita certandi cupidus quam propter amorem quod te imitari aveo

"自幽暗提举明灯的第一人, 你, 希腊族之光, 我追随你; 我步履踏你足印, 非为争胜, 乃为爱慕而效"——Lucretius 的 dactylic hexameter 绵密六音步, 把希腊化哲思压在拉丁长行里, prose 86.

Pastor Aristaeus fugiens Peneia Tempe, amissis, ut fama, apibus morboque fameque, tristis ad extremi sacrum caput adstitit amnis, multa querens, atque hac adfatus voce parentem: mater, Cyrene mater, quae gurgitis huius ima tenes, quid me praeclara stirpe deorum-- si modo, quem perhibes, pater est Thymbraeus Apollo-- invisum fatis genuisti?

Vergil 写牧蜂人 Aristaeus 失去蜂群后向水中之母 Cyrene 求援——希腊神话人物(Thymbraeus Apollo / Peneia / Proteus)借 Vergil 笔进入拉丁诗的"异教神话世界", world 84.

'o Romule, Romule die, qualem te patriae custodem di genuerunt!

"罗慕路斯啊, 神圣的罗慕路斯, 神生你为故国的守护者"——全书第一声以罗马挽歌的"啊"式呼唤开场, 把罗马史诗的本土根脉挂在首句, hook 83.

The notes are greatly indebted to the works named under the heading, 'Reference.'

编者 Bushnell 自陈注释承袭若干"Reference"之书——1908 年美国古典系把"早期罗马诗(Ennius / Lucilius)与末期匿名圣诗"补入大学课堂, 是当时美国古典学普及的尝试; innov 79.

Pone luctum, Magdalena! Et serena lacrimas: Non est iam Simonis cena, Non, cur fletum exprimas: Causae mille sunt laetandi, Causae mille exultandi: Halleluia!

"放下哀伤, 抹大拉! 擦干泪水: 不再有西门之宴, 不再有催泪之因; 千因喜乐, 千因欢腾: 哈利路亚"——以 7-7-7-7-7-7 的节奏体圣诗收束全书, 余味在信仰而非诗学, ending 81.