Beowulf: An Anglo-Saxon Epic Poem

Lo! the Spear-Danes' glory through splendid achievements The folk-kings' former fame we have heard of, How princes displayed then their prowess-in-battle. OfS Scyld the Scefing from scathers in numbers 5 From many a people their mead-benches tore. Since first he found him friendless and wretched, The earl had had terror: comfort he got for it, Waxed 'neath the welkin, world-honor gained, Till all his neighbors o'er sea were compelled to 10 Bow to his bidding and bring him their tribute: An excellent atheling!

96 分。'43 部 之 Anglo-Saxon-epic-arc' 编制——'Scyld 生与死 → Scyld 后嗣-Hrothgar-Heorot 鹿角堂 → Grendel 屠三十勇士 → Beowulf 跨海赴 Dane-land → Hrothgar-Beowulf-Unferth 讥 → Beowulf 静默 → 皆睡除一 → Grendel 与 Beowulf 交手 → Grendel 败 → 丹麦人欢 → Hrothgar 谢恩赠礼 → 宴-Finn 哀歌-续宴-赠礼 → Grendel 之母 → Hrothgar 述二怪 → Beowulf 寻母-水中战-双胜 → 携首归-Hrothgar 训诫 → 离情 → 归途-二王后 → Beowulf 与 Hygelac-叙述-互赠 → 财宝与龙-Beowulf 老迈-忆往-屠龙-Wiglaf-忠臣-末战 → 死亡之使-回顾-悲史 → 火葬' 之 'Anglo-Saxon-epic-arc' 编制, 故 96。

In the boroughs then Beowulf, bairn of the Scyldings, Belovèd land-prince, for long-lasting season Was famed mid the folk (his father departed, The prince from his dwelling), till afterward sprang 5 Great-minded Healfdene; the Danes in his lifetime He graciously governed, grim-mooded, agèd. Four bairns of his body born in succession Woke in the world, war-troopers' leader Heorogar, Hrothgar, and Halga the good; 10 Heard I that Elan was Ongentheow's consort.

92 分。'Scyld Scefing (创世始祖) + Beowulf (Scyld 之子, 同名先祖) + Healfdene + Hrothgar + Wealhtheow + Heorogar + Halga the Good + Hrothulf + Hrethric + Hrothmund + Freaware + Aeschere + Yrmenlaf + Hygelac + Hygd + Beowulf (Geats) + Ecgtheow + Hrethel + Herebeald + Haethcyn + Heardred + Wiglaf + Grendel + Grendel 之母 + 龙 + Unferth + Breca + Hrothgar 之众侍从 + Scyldings' 之 'Anglo-Saxon-英雄-诸族-cast' 网络, 故 92。

Then the work I find afar was assigned To many races in middle-earth's regions, To adorn the great folk-hall. In due time it happened Early 'mong men, that 'twas finished entirely, 25 The greatest of hall-buildings; Heorot he named it Who wide-reaching word-sway wielded 'mong earlmen. So blessed with abundance, brimming with joyance, The warriors abided, till a certain one gan to Dog them with deeds of direfullest malice, A foe in the hall-building: this horrible stranger 50 Was Grendel entitled, the march-stepper famous Who[3] dwelt in the moor-fens, the marsh and the fastness; The wan-mooded being abode for a season In the land of the giants, when the Lord and Creator Had banned him and branded. For that bitter murder, The killing of Abel, all-ruling Father 55 The kindred of Cain crushed with His vengeance; In the feud He rejoiced not, but far away drove him From kindred and kind, that crime to atone for, Meter of Justice.

92 分。'43 部 之 Anglo-Saxon-pace'——'I-II. (慢起 创世-王朝-Heorot 兴) → III-XIII. (中段 1 Grendel 袭扰 → Beowulf 来 → Grendel 战 → 胜) → XIV-XXVII. (中段 2 欢-赠-离情) → XXVIII-XXXI. (中段 3 归-述-互赠) → XXXII-XLIII. (收束 龙之-老-屠龙-死-火葬)' 之 'Anglo-Saxon-epic-rotation' 范本, 故 92。

When the sun was sunken, he set out to visit The lofty hall-building, how the Ring-Danes had used it For beds and benches when the banquet was over. Then he found there reposing many a noble 5 Asleep after supper; sorrow the heroes,[1] Misery knew not. The monster of evil Greedy and cruel tarried but little, Fell and frantic, and forced from their slumbers Thirty of thanemen; thence he departed 10 Leaping and laughing, his lair to return to, With surfeit of slaughter sallying homeward.

95 分。'Lo! the Spear-Danes' glory through splendid achievements / The folk-kings' former fame we have heard of' (鸣呼! 矛丹麦人之荣, 经壮业, 吾人皆已闻之) + 'Oft Scyld the Scefing from scathers in numbers / From many a people their mead-benches tore' (常 Scyld Scefing 自众侵者, 自诸族之蜜酒座, 夺而碎之) + 'the Lord, in requital, / Wielder of Glory, with world-honor blessed him' (上帝, 报其功, 以普世之荣赐之) + 'Heorot he named it / Who wide-reaching word-sway wielded 'mong earlmen' (Heorot 鹿角堂之名) + 'the kindred of Cain crushed with His vengeance' (该隐之族, 彼以义怒碎之) + 'Many a noble / Asleep after supper; sorrow the heroes, / Misery knew not' (众英雄酣睡, 不知愁, 不知苦) + 'Thirty of thanemen; thence he departed / Leaping and laughing, his lair to return to' (一次吞三十勇士, 跃而笑着归穴) 之 'Hall-Anglo-Saxon-Archaism-prose' 文体极致——是 '19 世纪末 Anglo-Saxon-学界之古英语-英译-prose' 范本。

Lo! the Spear-Danes' glory through splendid achievements The folk-kings' former fame we have heard of, How princes displayed then their prowess-in-battle. ... {Scyld, their mighty king, in honor of whom they are often called Scyldings. He is the great-grandfather of Hrothgar, so prominent in the poem.}

92 分。'Spear-Danes (矛丹麦人) + Scyldings (Scyld 后裔) + Danes (丹麦) + Ingwins + Hrethmen + Geats (耶阿特人) + Weder-Geats + War-Geats + Sea-Geats + Goths (Eormenric) + Franks + Heathobards + Frisians + Jutes + North-Frisians + Half-Danes + Hugs + Brondings + Gepids + Scylfings + Hetwars + Angles (Eomer) + Heathoremes + Fin-land + Hondscio + Wylfings + Brosinga mene + Mentone + Pont-à-Lesse + Willendorf' 之 '5-8 世纪 北欧-日耳曼-世界' 范式, 故 92。

HWÆT! We Gardena in geardagum, þeodcyninga, þrym gefrunon, hu ða æþelingas ellen fremedon!

95 分。'HWÆT!' (听啊) 之声叹 + 'Gardena in geardagum' (Spear-Danes 之昔) + 'þrym gefrunon' (我们听闻辉煌) 立下 'exclamatory-hook' (惊叹钩子) 之 'Anglo-Saxon-epic-anthem' (盎格鲁-撒克逊史诗颂歌) 之 'alliterative-opening' (头韵开篇) 范式——是 'Hall-Archaism-prose' 之 'Old-English-epic-opening' (古英语史诗开篇) 之 'four-stress-verse' (四重音诗句) 极致, 故 95。

The present work is a modest effort to reproduce approximately, in modern measures, the venerable epic, Beowulf. _Approximately_, I repeat; for a very close reproduction of Anglo-Saxon verse would, to a large extent, be prose to a modern ear. The measure used in the present translation is believed to be as near a reproduction of the original as modern English affords. The cadences closely resemble those used by Browning in some of his most striking poems. The four stresses of the Anglo-Saxon verse are retained.

90 分。'a modest effort to reproduce approximately, in modern measures, the venerable epic, Beowulf' (一谦逊之尝试, 以近代格律, 近似重制此古老史诗) + 'a very close reproduction of Anglo-Saxon verse would, to a large extent, be prose to a modern ear' (极近古英语诗之英译, 于今耳将大半为散文) + 'The measure used ... is believed to be as near a reproduction of the original as modern English affords. The cadences closely resemble those used by Browning' (所用格律, 以为近古英语原作之近代英译所能至者; 其节律近 Browning 最惊人诗中之所运) + 'The four stresses of the Anglo-Saxon verse are retained, and as much thesis and anacrusis is allowed as is consistent with a regular cadence' (保留古英语诗之四重音, 节律前后允多之轻重, 以齐律) 之 'Hall-Anglo-Saxon-英译-Archaism-范式' 之奠基——是 '19 世纪末 Anglo-Saxon-学界-英译 之 'Benjamin Thorpe Beowulf (1855) / John M. Kemble The Anglo-Saxon Poems of Beowulf (1833/35) / James M. Garnett Beowulf (1882) / J. Lesslie Hall Beowulf (1892) / William Morris Beowulf (1895)' 之 'Anglo-Saxon-英译-谱系' 之 '19 世纪末 学术-英译' 范本, 故 90。

Bæd hine ða pegn, þeoden mapelian, þæt he ne sceolde ofer boerne bædan bradne onsiene, gif he ofostlice meahte his dryhtne dom gecyðan.

92 分。'Bæd hine ða pegn' (请他, 战士) + 'þeoden mapelian' (主述) + 'þæt he ne sceolde ofer boerne bædan bradne onsiene' (他不应以广目之火葬) + 'his dryhtne dom gecyðan' (向主宣告判决) 之 'Beowulf-funeral-elegy' (Beowulf 挽歌) 之 'epic-close' (史诗收束) 范式——是 'Anglo-Saxon-farewell' (盎格鲁-撒克逊告别) 之 '5-8 世纪-北欧-葬礼' (北欧葬礼) 之 'Hall-Archaism-translation' (Hall 古风翻译) 极致, 故 92。 ---