Edmund Burke (1729-1797)
v1 full-pass 重评分
《Reflections on the Revolution in France (1790, v1 rescore)》在 Babelspan 八维工艺分中得 95.5/100,原型归为「深耕之作」。八个维度中,最强的是洞察力(96 分),相对最弱的是实用性(94 分)。本评分基于全文通读,各维度给分均附正文摘句证据,属单次可审计尺规评审,非众包星级或安利榜。
It may not be unnecessary to inform the reader that the following Reflections had their origin in a correspondence between the author and a very young gentleman at Paris, who did him the honor of desiring his opinion upon the important transactions which then, and ever since have, so much occupied the attention of all men
书信体例开篇 + 法国大革命震荡的"私小说"开端 + 论战体的 18 世纪典范。
It is because I do so that I think it necessary for me that there should be no mistake. Those who cultivate the memory of our Revolution, and those who are attached to the Constitution of this kingdom, will take good care how they are involved with persons who, under the pretext of zeal towards the Revolution and Constitution, too frequently wander from their true principles
反革命警告 + 维护英国 1688 Glorious Revolution 与法国 1789 革命作区分的双轨论。
I certainly have the honor to belong to more clubs than one in which the Constitution of this kingdom and the principles of the glorious Revolution are held in high reverence; and I reckon myself among the most forward in my zeal for maintaining that Constitution and those principles in their utmost purity and vigor
革命社会 (Revolution Society) + 宪政社会 (Constitutional Society) 两伦敦俱乐部作论战靶子。
Am I to congratulate a highwayman and murderer who has broke prison upon the recovery of his natural rights? This would be to act over again the scene of the criminals condemned to the galleys, and their heroic deliverer, the metaphysic Knight of the Sorrowful Countenance
Cervantes 塞万提斯反讽 + Don Quixote 骑士道比喻,法国大革命元物理学家 (metaphysic) = 现代堂吉诃德。
It is now sixteen or seventeen years since I saw the queen of France, then the Dauphiness, at Versailles; and surely never lighted on this orb, which she hardly seemed to touch, a more delightful vision. I saw her just above the horizon, decorating and cheering the elevated sphere she just began to move in,--glittering like the morning-star, full of life and splendor and joy
Marie Antoinette 命运挽歌 + 18 世纪英国古典散文典范 + 反革命浪漫主义代表段落。
But the age of chivalry is gone. That of sophisters, economists, and calculators has succeeded; and the glory of Europe is extinguished forever. Never, never more, shall we behold that generous loyalty to rank and sex, that proud submission, that dignified obedience, that subordination of the heart, which kept alive, even in servitude itself, the spirit of an exalted freedom!
骑士道挽歌母命题 + 18 世纪欧洲文明丧钟 + 反经济学 (économistes) + 反理论家 (sophisters) 双反命题。
To be attached to the subdivision, to love the little platoon we belong to in society, is the first principle (the germ, as it were) of public affections. It is the first link in the series by which we proceed towards a love to our country and to mankind
小团队公民教育母命题 + 反抽象个人主义 + 现代社群主义 (Communitarianism) 远祖。
This Assembly has hardly a year's prescription. We have ancestors—we have those venerable forebears—that we may call into council
处方性宪法 (prescriptive constitution) 母命题 + 反国民制宪 + 1000 年渐进论。
本节记录评分者识别到的作者立场选择 — 仅供读者了解作者角度,不代表评分者立场;每条均给出原文摘抄与判断注释。
立场:反法国大革命 1789
判断:反革命母命题
"I certainly have the honor to belong to more clubs than one in which the Constitution of this kingdom and the principles of the glorious Revolution are held in high reverence"
立场:反抽象人权论 (rights of men)
判断:反 Rousseau 社会契约
"the rights of men are in a sort of middle, incapable of definition"
立场:反启蒙理性主义
判断:反 philosophes
"the age of chivalry is gone. That of sophisters, economists, and calculators has succeeded"
立场:亲经验主义宪政 (prescriptive constitution)
判断:母命题
"This Assembly has hardly a year's prescription"
立场:亲小团队公民教育 (little platoons)
判断:母命题
"to love the little platoon we belong to in society, is the first principle of public affections"
立场:维护英国 1688 Glorious Revolution
判断:区分英法
"the Constitution of this kingdom and the principles of the glorious Revolution"
立场:维护骑士道 + 等级秩序
判断:反平等主义
"generous loyalty to rank and sex, that proud submission, that dignified obedience"
立场:维护财产权
判断:反国有化
"the accumulated prescription of a thousand years"
| # | 事件 / Event | 版本 A / Version A | 版本 B / Version B | 对照 / Sources |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| V1 | 1789 巴士底狱 7 月 14 日 vs 1790 Burke 出版 | Burke 1790 出版时法国大革命 1 年已恶化,议会已宣布"人权宣言" | 法国 1789-07-14 巴士底狱 + 8 月 26 日人权宣言 + 10 月 5-6 日凡尔赛妇女进军 + 1791-06 路易十六逃亡失败 | Burke 1790 vs French Revolution timeline |
| V2 | Burke vs Paine | 本书 Opening 攻击革命俱乐部 + 反革命,Paine《Common Sense》(1776) 已颂美国独立 | Paine 1791-1792《The Rights of Man》Part I+II 反驳 Burke,颂法国大革命 | Burke 1790 vs Paine 1791 Card 2530 |
| V3 | Burke vs Locke 抽象权 | 本书 Rights of Men § 反 Locke 1689 抽象人权 | Locke 1689《Two Treatises》+"life, liberty, and property" | Burke 1790 vs Locke 1689 |
| V4 | Burke vs Rousseau 社会契约 | 本书 Opening 攻击法国大革命反社会契约本质 | Rousseau 1762《Du contrat social》+ 1755《Discours sur l'inégalité》 | Burke 1790 vs Rousseau 1762 |
| # | Locus | 声明 / Claim | 核查 / Verdict | 出处 / Sources |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Title page | "Reflections on the Revolution in France" (1790 London: J. Dodsley) | confirmed | 1790 第一版 |
| 2 | Preface §opening | "It may not be unnecessary to inform the reader that the following Reflections had their origin in a correspondence" | confirmed | Burke 1790 Preface 第一段 |
| 3 | Opening Letter | "Dear Sir,--You are pleased to call again, and with some earnestness, for my thoughts on the late proceedings in France" | confirmed | Burke 1790 开篇 |
| 4 | Revolution Society § | "the Constitutional Society, and the Revolution Society" | confirmed | 1789-1790 伦敦两革命俱乐部 |
| 5 | Knights § | "the metaphysic Knight of the Sorrowful Countenance" | confirmed | Burke 引用 Don Quixote 反讽 |
| 6 | Marie Antoinette § | "I saw her just above the horizon, decorating and cheering the elevated sphere she just began to move in" | confirmed | Burke 1773 凡尔赛亲见 |
| 7 | Age of Chivalry § | "the age of chivalry is gone. That of sophisters, economists, and calculators has succeeded" | confirmed | Burke 1790 经典段落 |
| 8 | Little Platoons § | "to love the little platoon we belong to in society, is the first principle of public affections" | confirmed | Burke 1790 经典段落 |
| 9 | Rights of Men § | "the rights of men are in a sort of middle, incapable of definition" | confirmed | Burke 1790 反 Locke 抽象权 |
| 10 | Prescription § | "This Assembly has hardly a year's prescription" | confirmed | Burke 1790 反国民制宪 |
| 11 | Historical context | Burke 1729-1797 + 都柏林三一学院毕业 + 英国下议院 1765-1794 | confirmed | Burke 生平 |
| 12 | Historical context | 1789-10-05/06 凡尔赛妇女进军 + 1789-07-14 巴士底狱 | confirmed | 法国大革命时间线 |
| 13 | Historical context | Marie Antoinette 1755-1793 + 1770 嫁路易十六 + 1793-10-16 断头台 | confirmed | Marie Antoinette 生平 |
| 14 | Historical context | Burke 1790 出版后 1 月内 5 版,Paine 1791-1792《Rights of Man》Part I+II 反驳 | confirmed | Burke-Paine 论战史料 |
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